The effect of rs 12145833 polymorphism of SDCCAG 8 gene on intervention of childhood obesity / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To study the role of rs 12145833 polymorphism of SDCCAG 8 gene in the intervention of childhood obesity, so as to provide scientific basis for formulating personalized intervention measures based on genetic background in children with obesity.@*Methods@#From September 2018 to June 2019, a total of 393 children aged 8-10 years in Beijing were enrolled in a cluster randomized controlled trial. Eight schools were randomly allocated into intervention group and control group at a ratio of 1∶1. Saliva DNA samples were collected to detect rs 12145833 polymorphism of SDCCAG 8 gene. The intervention group received a comprehensive intervention, while the control group received usual practice. Intervention measures included diet improvement, sports, school amd family sport. The obesity related indicators were measured at baseline and after the end of intervention 1 academic year. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were used to analyze the interaction between genes and intervention on obesity indicators.@*Results@#In the intervention group, children with TT genotype of rs 12145833 of the SDCCAG 8 gene had less increase in systolic( β=4.56, 95%CI=1.84-7.28, P <0.01) and diastolic blood pressure( β=2.59, 95%CI=0.45-4.73, P <0.05) than those with GT and GG genotypes. In the control group, the systolic blood pressure of children with TT genotype increased more than those with GT and GG genotype( β=-2.86, 95%CI=-5.63--0.83, P <0.05). There was an interaction between rs 12145833 polymorphism of SDCCAG 8 gene and intervention on systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and body fat percentage in children( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Children with TT genotype of rs 12145833 in the SDCCAG 8 gene are more sensitive to obesity intervention than those with GG and GT genotypes, especially in the improvement of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and body fat percentage. Further trials to study the role of rs 12145833 polymorphism of SDCCAG 8 gene in the intervention of childhood obesity among different ethnic populations are needed.

Research on ontology construction of acupuncture effect based on ISO/TS 16843-6: 2022 / 中国针灸

In order to specify the information expression of acupuncture effect and realize the knowledge reuse and sharing, in view of animal experiments and clinical trials, the relevant knowledge of acupuncture effect is allocated. Using seven-step method and Protégé5.5.0 tool, the ontology of acupuncture effect is constructed on the base of ISO/TS 16843-6: 2022. A total of 199 classes are constructed, including 7 categories (acupuncture point, acupuncture therapy, needling method, biological process, genes and gene products, disorder, and anatomic structure), 12 object properties, 1 108 instances and 5 123 axioms. A semantic network with the characteristics of acupuncture and moxibustion is established and the structured expression for the knowledge of acupuncture effects is obtained, which lays the foundation for the innovation and development in the field of acupuncture and moxibustion.

Fatores que Afetam a Trombose da Falsa Luz na Dissecção Aórtica Tipo B / Factors Affecting False Lumen Thrombosis In Type B Aortic Dissection

Resumo Fundamento A trombose completa da falsa luz facilita a remodelação da dissecção aórtica tipo B (DATB). As características morfológicas afetam a trombose na falsa luz. Objetivos Discutir os fatores pré-admissão presentes, que influenciam a trombose da falsa luz em pacientes com DATB. Metodologia Ao todo, 282 pacientes diagnosticados com DATB em nosso hospital foram estudados, no período entre janeiro de 2008 e dezembro de 2017. Os indivíduos foram divididos em um grupo trombótico e um grupo não trombótico, com base na detecção de qualquer trombo na falsa luz. Analisamos as diferenças entre os dois grupos com relação aos dados clínicos, o comprimento vertical da dissecção e o diâmetro da aorta. Valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente diferentes de modo significativo. Resultados Diferenças significativas entre o grupo trombótico e o grupo não trombótico foram encontradas com relação à idade (53,92 ± 11,40 vs. 50,36 ± 10,71, p = 0,009) e proporção de pacientes com insuficiência renal (7,83% vs. 16,38%, p = 0,026). Nas zonas 3-9, o diâmetro da luz verdadeira do grupo trombótico foi significativamente maior do que no grupo não trombótico (p < 0,05). A análise de regressão logística binária mostrou que o diâmetro da luz verdadeira na zona 5 e a insuficiência renal foram preditores independentes de trombose da falsa luz. Conclusões A idade e a função renal estiveram associadas à trombose na falsa luz. Potencialmente, a diferença entre o diâmetro da luz verdadeira e o da falsa luz pode influenciar na trombose da falsa luz.

Abstract Background Complete thrombosis of the false lumen facilitates remodeling of type B aortic dissection (TBAD). Morphological characteristics affect thrombosis in the false lumen. Objectives Discuss the factors present before admission that influence false lumen thrombosis in patients with TBAD. Methods We studied 282 patients diagnosed with TBAD in our hospital between January 2008 and December 2017. We divided the subjects into a thrombotic group and a non-thrombotic group based on whether any thrombus was detectable in the false lumen. We analyzed the differences between the two groups with respect to clinical data, the vertical length of the dissection, and the diameter of the aorta. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significantly different. Results Significant differences between the thrombotic group and non-thrombotic group were found with respect to age (53.92 ± 11.40 vs. 50.36 ± 10.71, p = 0.009) and proportion of patients with renal insufficiency (7.83% vs. 16.38%, p = 0.026). In zones 3-9, the true lumen diameter of the thrombotic group was significantly larger than in the non-thrombotic group (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that true lumen diameter in zone 5 and renal insufficiency were independent predictors of false lumen thrombosis. Conclusions Age and renal function were associated with thrombosis in the false lumen. Potentially, the difference between the diameter of the true lumen diameter and that of the false lumen may influence the thrombosis of the false lumen.

Influence of high-intensity interval training on table tennis players / Influência do treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade nos jogadores de tênis de mesa / Influencia del entrenamiento de intervalos de alta intensidad en los jugadores de tenis de mesa

ABSTRACT Introduction The development of the technical level of table tennis and the reform of the rules require players to have a proportionally comprehensive technical base, aiming to climb to the top of world table tennis. Objective Study the effect of high-intensity competition on the physical fitness of table tennis players. Methods By analyzing the questionnaires of coaches and athletes in colleges and universities in Zhejiang province, as well as the development status and situation of soldiers and soldier teams in colleges and universities in Zhejiang province, find out the factors that restrict the competitive level of table tennis in ordinary colleges and universities in our province. Results Most athletes felt that the specific qualities of agility and strength were important, accounting for 63% of the total, while endurance and speed were less important, accounting for 19% and 18%, respectively. Conclusion The time devoted to physical training is short, and the disposition of training time is insufficient. Compared to high-level sports teams, the quality of physical preparation and the particular technical training time cannot be combined rationally and satisfactorily. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução O desenvolvimento do nível técnico do tênis de mesa e a reforma das regras, requerem que os jogadores de tênis de mesa tenham uma base técnica proporcionalmente abrangente, visando escalar o topo do tênis de mesa mundial. Objetivo Estudar o efeito da competição de alta intensidade sobre a aptidão física dos jogadores de tênis de mesa. Métodos Ao analisar os questionários de treinadores e atletas nas faculdades e universidades da província de Zhejiang, bem como o estado de desenvolvimento e a situação dos soldados e equipes de soldados nas faculdades e universidades da província de Zhejiang, descobrir os fatores que restringem o nível competitivo do tênis de mesa nas faculdades e universidades comuns de nossa província. Resultados A maioria dos atletas sentiu que as qualidades específicas de agilidade e força eram importantes, representando 63% do total, enquanto a resistência e a velocidade eram menos importantes, representando 19% e 18% respectivamente. Conclusão O tempo dedicado ao treinamento físico é breve, e a disposição do tempo de treinamento é insuficiente. Em comparação com as equipes esportivas de alto nível, a qualidade da preparação física e o tempo de treinamento técnico particular não podem ser combinados de forma racional e satisfatória. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción El desarrollo del nivel técnico del tenis de mesa y la reforma de las reglas, requieren que los jugadores de tenis de mesa tengan una base técnica proporcionalmente amplia, con el objetivo de subir a la cima del tenis de mesa mundial. Objetivo Estudiar el efecto de la competición de alta intensidad sobre la aptitud física de los jugadores de tenis de mesa. Métodos Mediante el análisis de los cuestionarios de los entrenadores y atletas de los colegios y universidades de la provincia de Zhejiang, así como del estado de desarrollo y la situación de los equipos de soldados y soldados de los colegios y universidades de la provincia de Zhejiang, averiguar los factores que restringen el nivel competitivo del tenis de mesa en los colegios y universidades ordinarios de nuestra provincia. Resultados La mayoría de los atletas consideraron que las cualidades específicas de agilidad y fuerza eran importantes, con un 63% del total, mientras que la resistencia y la velocidad eran menos importantes, con un 19% y un 18% respectivamente. Conclusión El tiempo dedicado al entrenamiento físico es breve, y la disposición del tiempo de entrenamiento es insuficiente. En comparación con los equipos deportivos de alto nivel, la calidad de la preparación física y el tiempo de entrenamiento técnico particular no pueden combinarse de forma racional y satisfactoria. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Efeitos da intervenção terapêutica de enfermagem em pacientes com doença cardíaca coronária / Efectos de la intervención terapéutica de enfermería en pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria / Effects of nursing intervention therapy on patients with coronary heart disease

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar os efeitos da intervenção terapêutica de enfermagem baseada no modelo de trajetória da doença crônica na ansiedade e na qualidade de vida de pacientes com doença cardíaca coronária (DCC). Métodos Um total de 118 pacientes com DCC admitidos entre fevereiro de 2019 e fevereiro de 2021 foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em grupos controle e observação (n = 59). O grupo controle recebeu intervenção de enfermagem de rotina, enquanto o grupo observação recebeu intervenção com base no modelo de trajetória da doença crônica. Os sintomas clínicos, a escala de autoavaliação de ansiedade (SAS), a qualidade de vida (QV) e as pontuações de autoeficácia foram comparados. As taxas de incidência de complicações foram comparadas. A análise de regressão linear multivariada foi realizada para o efeito mediador da autoeficácia na relação entre ansiedade e QV. Um modelo de equação estrutural foi construído e validado. Resultados Após a intervenção, os sintomas clínicos e a pontuação da SAS diminuíram significativamente em ambos os grupos, especialmente no grupo observação (P<0,05). As pontuações de QV e autoeficácia aumentaram significativamente em ambos os grupos, particularmente no grupo de observação (P<0,05). A pontuação de autoeficácia correlacionou-se negativamente com a pontuação SAS e positivamente com a pontuação QV. Houve correlação negativa entre a pontuação SAS e a pontuação QV (P<0,05). O modelo de autoeficácia, ansiedade e QV apresentou boa adequação, e o efeito mediador da autoeficácia na relação entre ansiedade e QV foi de 0,896. A taxa de incidência de complicações foi significativamente menor no grupo observação do que no grupo controle (P <0,05). Conclusão A intervenção de enfermagem baseada no modelo de trajetória da doença crônica alivia significativamente a ansiedade, melhora a QV e aumenta a pontuação de autoeficácia de pacientes com DCC. A autoeficácia é um mediador da relação entre ansiedade e QV.

Resumen Objetivo Evaluar los efectos de la intervención terapéutica de enfermería con base en el modelo de trayectoria de la enfermedad crónica en la ansiedad y en la calidad de vida de pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria (EAC). Métodos Un total de 118 pacientes con EAC admitidos entre febrero de 2019 y febrero de 2021 fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en grupos control y observación (n = 59). El grupo control recibió intervención de enfermería de rutina, mientras el grupo observación recibió intervención con base en el modelo de trayectoria de la enfermedad crónica. Se compararon los síntomas clínicos, la escala de autoevaluación de ansiedad (EAA), la calidad de vida (CV) y el puntaje de autoeficacia. Se compararon las tasas de incidencia de complicaciones. El análisis de regresión lineal multivariado se realizó para el efecto mediador de la autoeficacia en la relación entre ansiedad y CV. Se elaboró y validó un modelo de ecuación estructural. Resultados Después de la intervención, los síntomas clínicos y el puntuaje de la EAA disminuyeron de forma considerable en ambos grupos, especialmente en el grupo observación (P<0,05). Los puntajes de CV y de autoeficacia aumentaron considerablemente en ambos grupos, particularmente en el grupo de observación (P<0,05). El puntaje de autoeficacia se correlacionó negativamente con el puntaje EAA y positivamente con el puntaje CV. Hubo una correlación negativa entre el puntaje EAA y el puntaje CV (P<0,05). El modelo de autoeficacia, ansiedad y CV presentó una buena adecuación y el efecto mediador de la autoeficacia en la relación entre ansiedad y CV fue de 0,896. La tasa de incidencia de complicaciones fue considerablemente inferior en el grupo observación que en el grupo control (P <0,05). Conclusión La intervención de enfermería con base en el modelo de trayectoria de la enfermedad crónica alivia de forma considerable la ansiedad, mejora la CV y aumenta el puntaje de autoeficacia de pacientes con EAC. La autoeficacia es un mediador de la relación entre ansiedad y CV.

Abstract Objective We aimed to assess the effects of nursing intervention therapy based on chronic disease trajectory model on anxiety and quality of life (QOL) of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods A total of 118 CHD patients admitted from February 2019 to February 2021 were randomly assigned into control and observation groups (n=59). Control group was given routine nursing intervention, while observation group was given intervention based on chronic disease trajectory model. Clinical symptom, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), QOL and self-efficacy scores were compared. Incidence rates of complications were compared. Multivariate linear regression analysis was performed for the mediating effect of self-efficacy on relationship between anxiety and QOL. A structural equation model was constructed and verified. Results After intervention, clinical symptom and SAS scores significantly declined in both groups, especially in observation group (P<0.05). QOL and self-efficacy scores rose significantly in both groups, particularly in observation group (P<0.05). Self-efficacy score was negatively correlated with SAS score and positively correlated with QOL score, and there was a negative correlation between SAS score and QOL score (P<0.05). The model of self-efficacy, anxiety and QOL had good fitness, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy on relationship between anxiety and QOL was 0.896. The incidence rate of complications was significantly lower in observation group than in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Nursing intervention based on chronic disease trajectory model significantly relieves the anxiety, improves QOL, and increases the self-efficacy score of CHD patients. Self-efficacy is a mediator for the relationship between anxiety and QOL.

Optimization of pretreatment methods for N-nitrosamine compounds in ready-to-eat aquatic products / 预防医学

Objective@#To optimize the pretreatment method of N-nitrosamine compounds in ready-to-eat aquatic products. @*Methods@#Market-sold ready-to-eat aquatic products were collected, homogenized and distilled by steam. The samples were extracted for 10 minutes using dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) with ethanol, trichloromethane and sodium chloride (3.0 g). After centrifugation, the organic phase in the lower layer was collected and subjected to gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The six common N-nitrosamine compounds were determined in ready-to-eat aquatic products using multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) and quantified by the internal standard method. @*Results@#The optimized method exhibited a good linear relationship at concentrations of 10.0 to 500 μg/L for determination of 6 N-nitrosamine compounds (correlation coefficient of greater than 0.999), with 0.05 to 0.60 μg/kg limit of detection, 0.15 to 1.60 μg/kg limit of quantitation, mean spiked recovery rates of 71.8% to 108.9%, and relative standard deviations of 1.4% to 8.6%. N-Nitrosodimethylamine showed the highest detection rate in 20 market-sold ready-to-eat aquatic products (90%), and the detection rates of N-Nitrosopyrrolidine, N-Nitrosodiethylamine and N-dibutylnitrosamine were 15%, 10% and 10%, respectively. @*Conclusion@#Steam distillation combined with DLLME may optimize the pretreatment method of N-nitrosamine compounds in ready-to-eat aquatic products and meet the measurement requirements.

Cloning, induction pattern and prokaryotic expression of a small heat shock protein SmHSP21.8 gene from Salvia miltiorrhiza / 药学学报

In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of the small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) involved in stress resistance and active ingredients accumulation in Salvia miltiorrhiza, a small heat shock protein gene was cloned from Salvia miltiorrhiza by reverse transcription PCR according to the transcriptome data of orange root Salvia miltiorrhiza. The gene is named SmHSP21.8 based on the molecular weight of the protein, and it contains an open reading frame of 585 bp, which encodes 194 amino acids. The results of phylogenetic analysis and amino acid sequence alignment showed that SmHSP21.8 protein belongs to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) subfamily, and contains a conserved endoplasmic reticulum-specific DPFR-I/V-LE-H/Q-x-P motif at N-terminus. The prokaryotic expression vector pMAL-c2X-SmHSP21.8 was constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21 competent cells. The recombinant protein was successfully expressed after inducted. Temporal and spatial expression analysis showed that SmHSP21.8 gene was the highest expressed in flowers and had significant tissue specificity. The relative expression of the gene was significantly increased in seedlings after induction by 38 ℃, PEG6000, abscisic acid(ABA), and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indicating that SmHSP21.8 gene may be involved in abiotic stress such as high temperature and drought, as well as the response to exogenous hormones ABA and IAA. These results lay the foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism of small heat shock proteins involved in adversity stress.

A Propensity Score Matching Study of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and New Drug Chemotherapy for Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the clinical efficacy, survival, and prognosis of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) with new drug chemotherapy in the treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) in the new drug era.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 149 patients with NDMM treated with new drug induction regimen in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2012 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-four patients who received ASCT were in ASCT group, and 125 patients who did not receive ASCT were in non-ASCT group. The median follow-up time was 43 (1-90) months. The propensity score matching (PSM) method was used to balance confounding factors, then depth of response, overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups were compared and subgroup analysis was performed.@*RESULTS@#After matching, the covariates were balanced between the two groups. Fifty-one patients (15 cases in ASCT group and 36 cases in non-ASCT group) were included. ASCT patients had a better complete response (CR) rate than non-ASCT patients receiving maintenance therapy (93.3% vs 42.3%, P=0.004), while there were no statistical differences in deep response rate and overall response rate (ORR) between the two groups (93.3% vs 65.4%, P=0.103; 93.3% vs 96.2%, P=1.000). Before matching, the 3 and 5-year PFS rate and median PFS (mPFS) in ASCT group and non-ASCT group were [89.6% vs 66.5%, P=0.024; 69.8% vs 42.7%; non-response (NR) vs 51.0 months], and the 3 and 5-year OS rate and median OS (mOS) were (100% vs 70.6%, P=0.002; 92.3% vs 49.6%; NR vs 54.0 months). After matching, the 3 and 5-year PFS rate and mPFS in ASCT group and non-ASCT group were (83.6% vs 61.7%, P=0.182; 62.7% vs 45.7%; NR vs 51.0 months), the 3 and 5-year OS rate and mOS were (100% vs 65.6%, P=0.018; 88.9% vs 46.9%; NR vs 51.0 months). Subgroup analysis showed that patients with mSMART 3.0 high risk stratification, the 3-year PFS rate and mPFS in ASCT group and non-ASCT group were (83.3% vs 41.5%, P=0.091; NR vs 34.0 months), and the 3-year OS rate and mOS were (100% vs 41.5%, P=0.034; NR vs 34.0 months). Patients with mSMART 3.0 standard risk stratification, the 3-year PFS rate and OS rate in ASCT group and non-ASCT group were (83.3% vs 76.8%, P=0.672; 100% vs 87.2%, P=0.155). The 3-year PFS and OS rate in MM patients who achieved deep response within 3 months after transplantation compared with non-ASCT patients who achieved deep response after receiving maintenance therapy were (83.1% vs 56.7%, P=0.323; 100% vs 60.5%, P=0.042), and the 3-year PFS and OS rate in patients who achieved overall response in both groups were (83.1% vs 62.5%, P=0.433; 100% vs 68.1%, P=0.082). After matching, Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that mSMART 3.0 risk stratification and ASCT were independent prognostic factors for OS.@*CONCLUSION@#In the new drug era, ASCT can increase CR rate and prolong OS of NDMM patients. ASCT patients who are mSMART 3.0 high risk stratification or achieved deep response within 3 months after transplantation have better OS than non-ASCT patients receiving new drug chemotherapy. ASCT and mSMART 3.0 risk stratification are independent prognostic factors for OS in NDMM patients.

Sexual orientation and characteristics of sexual behaviors among 200 HIV positive male college students in Beijing / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To understand sexual orientation and characteristics of sexual behaviors related with HIV infection among HIV positive male college students in Beijing and to provide suggestions for development of sexual health education and HIV prevention strategy for student population.@*Methods@#HIV positive male college students diagnosed from 2016 to June 30, 2019 in Beijing were recruited. Questionnaire was used to retrospectively investigate sexual orientation and characteristics of sexual behaviors before HIV infection. Behaviors related to HIV infection were compared between absolutely homosexual and others sexual orientation.@*Results@#The average age of male students firstly identified to be HIV positive was (22.18±2.70) years old, 61.5%(123) of them were undergraduate, 69.5%(139) were not registered permanent residency in Beijing, 38.5%(77) of their interviewed sexual partners were from online chat and 83.0%(166) had homosexual behaviors. Sexual orientation score analysis showed that 50.0% of the participants self identified as exclusively homosexual. Compared with other sexual oriental group, exclusively homosexual group had lower mean age of their HIV infection firstly identified（ t =2.77， P =0.01）, higher rate of Rush use, firstly insertive sexual behavior with male, firstly insertive sexual behavior before 18 years old, sexual partners more than three persons, having regular partners, nonpersistent use of condom, being diagnosed of sexual transmitted disease and the frequency of homosexual behaviors more than 1 time per month （ χ 2=5.15,28.06,4.16,5.34,5.89,7.39,6.68, P <0.05）. Rush users had higher rate of STD diagnosis than non users in exclusively homosexual group ( χ 2=6.26， P =0.01).@*Conclusion@#Risky sexual behaviors associated with HIV infection were higher in exclusively homosexual group then other sexual orientation groups among HIV positive male college students. Family and school should concern with sexual health education byreinforcing health education via network media to improve college students’ awarenees on HIV/AIDS.

Automatic labeling and extraction of terms in natural language processing in acupuncture clinical literature / 中国针灸

The paper analyzes the specificity of term recognition in acupuncture clinical literature and compares the advantages and disadvantages of three named entity recognition (NER) methods adopted in the field of traditional Chinese medicine. It is believed that the bi-directional long short-term memory networks-conditional random fields (Bi LSTM-CRF) may communicate the context information and complete NER by using less feature rules. This model is suitable for term recognition in acupuncture clinical literature. Based on this model, it is proposed that the process of term recognition in acupuncture clinical literature should include 4 aspects, i.e. literature pretreatment, sequence labeling, model training and effect evaluation, which provides an approach to the terminological structurization in acupuncture clinical literature.

The protective effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum supplementation on hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in rats

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of oral administration of Clostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) on inflammation, oxidative stress, and gut flora in rats with hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury (HIRI). Methods: The rats from C. butyricum group were given C. butyricum for 5 days. Then, hepatic ischemia for 30 min and reperfusion for 6 h were performed in all the rats. After the animals were sacrificed, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in serum, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and gut microbiota composition in feces, and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor-kappa Bp65 (NF-κBp65) and histological analysis in the liver were performed. Results: The rats given C. butyricum showed decreased ALT, AST, LPS, and MDA; improved GSH and histological damage; changes in SCFAs; declined TNF-α, IL-6, TLR4, and pNF-κBp65/NF-κBp65; and changes in the gut microbial composition, which decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and increased the relative abundance (RA) of probiotics. Conclusions: C. butyricum supplementation protected against HIRI by regulating gut microbial composition, which contributed to the decreased LPS and attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress. These indicate C. butyricum may be a potent clinical preoperative dietary supplement for HIRI.

Character strengths as protective factors against behavior problems in early adolescent

Character strengths could efectively prevent negative psychological outcomes in adults. However, there was little research conducted among early adolescents. The present study aimed to explore character strengths that were independently related to fewer behavior problems in early adolescents. In total, 521 early adolescents (mean age 10.92 ± 0.04, range 10­12 years) were recruited from primary schools in Sichuan, China. Character strengths were measured using the Values in Action Inventory of Strengths for Youth (VIA-Youth). Behavior problems were measured using the Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ). The results showed that behavior problems were negatively correlated with character strengths (r = −0.14 to −0.3, p < 0.05 Bonferroni corrected). Character strengths explained a signifcant proportion of additional variance (14­22%) in fve types of behavior problems after controlling the efect of demographic factors (residence, left-behind experiences, maternal education level). Moreover, several specifc character strengths showed an independent contribution (ß = −0.34 to −0.14 for self-regulation, perseverance, zest, humility, and leadership; ß = 0.21 to 0.34, for hope; all p < 0.05) to behavior problems. Our study revealed that character trengths were protective factors against behavior problems in early adolescents.

The effect of recombinant human interferon α1b treatment of infants hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection on subsequent wheezing

Abstract Objective: To investigate the impact of recombinant human interferon α1b (rhIFNα1b) treatment in infants hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections on subsequent wheezing. Methods: The clinical data of infants (n = 540) with viral pneumonia, wheezy bronchitis, or bronchiolitis hospitalized in 19 Chinese hospitals from June 2009 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The parameters relevant to wheezing episodes within the last year were collected by telephone and questionnaires. The rhIFNα1b treatment group (n = 253) and control group (n = 287) were compared in terms of wheezing episodes within the last year. Moreover, the wheezing group (95 cases) and non-wheezing group (445 cases) were compared. Results: Out of 540 cases, 95 (17.6%) experienced wheezing episodes, 13.8% (35/253) cases treated with rhIFNα1b, and 20.9% (60/287) cases without rhIFNα1b experienced wheezing episodes within the last year. The rhIFNα1b treatment significantly improved wheezing episodes within the last year, compared with the control peers (p = 0.031). Single-factor regression showed statistically significant differences between the wheezing and non-wheezing groups in terms of age, rhIFNα1b use, childhood and family history of allergy, housing situation, and feeding history (p < 0.05). Binary logistic regression showed a childhood history of allergy (OR = 2.14, p = 0.004), no rhIFNα1b use (OR = 1.70, p = 0.028), and living in a crowded house (OR = 1.92, p = 0.012) might be risk factors of subsequent wheezing. Accordingly, breastfeeding (OR = 0.44, p = 0.008) and hospitalization age of 1-year-old (OR = 0.58, p = 0.024) were protective factors. Conclusions: Early use of rhIFNα1b in infants hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infections and breastfeeding could prevent subsequent wheezing. Living in a crowded house could promote subsequent wheezing.

Rush use and related factors among HIV positive young male students in Beijing / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#This study investigated the use of rush and related factors among HIV positive male students in Beijing, and provided suggestions for education and intervention.@*Methods@#Data on HIV positive male students was collected from 2017 to June 30, 2020 in Beijing and analyzed in SPSS 20.0.@*Results@#A total of 200 valid questionnaires were collected. The mean age at HIV diagnosis was (22.18±2.70) years. The rate of using rush was 46.00%. The proportion with homosexual behavior before infection was 92.00%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that meeting sexual partners through the Internet( OR=3.84, 95%CI =1.65-8.96), drinking alcohol( OR=3.26, 95%CI =1.51-7.02), group homosexual behavior( OR=4.84, 95%CI =1.71-13.71), and STD diagnosis ( OR=0.23, 95%CI =1.02-4.87) were associated with the use of rush before infection.@*Conclusion@#The rate of rush use was higher among male students infected with HIV. Government regulation could be strengthened and drug abuse could be prevented through better health education for students.

Screening of Active Components and Analysis of Mechanism of Dipsaci Radix in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and TCMIP / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore active components and mechanism of Dipsaci Radix in treating rheumatoid arthritis （RA） based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS） and Integrative Pharmacology-based Research Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCMIP）. Method:UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with electrospray ionization （ESI） was used to qualitatively analyze the chemical components in methanol extract of Dipsaci Radix under positive and negative ion scanning modes. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution （A）-acetonitrile （B） for gradient elution （0-10 min， 0.2%-20%B； 10-20 min， 20%-40%B； 20-25 min， 40%-50%B； 25-33 min， 50%-98%B； 33-35 min， 98%-0.2%B）， and the scanning range was <italic>m</italic>/<italic>z</italic> 50-2 000. Based on TCMIP， candidate target groups of Dipsaci Radix， RA and syndrome with Yin deficiency of liver and kidney were obtained， and correlation analysis on "disease-syndrome-prescription" was used to enrich the main active components and key targets. Cytoscape 3.8.0 and STRING 11.0 database were used to construct protein-protein interaction （PPI） network diagram. Metascape platform was used to analysis gene ontology biological progress and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） signaling pathways. Result:A total of 81 ingredients were identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. Based on TCMIP， 283 candidate targets corresponding to 81 ingredients， 7 RA related targets and 215 genes corresponding to syndrome with Yin deficiency of liver and kidney were collected. With further correlation analysis on "disease-syndrome-prescription"， 17 key active ingredients were predicted， mainly including saponins and fatty acids of Dipsaci Radix. It mainly involved 7 hub targets， namely tumor necrosis factor （TNF）， nuclear factor-<italic>κ</italic>B subunit 1 （NF-<italic>κ</italic>B₁）， hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha （HNF4A）， nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1 （NR3C1）， peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma （PPARG）， nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4 （NR1H4） and nuclear receptor coactivator 1 （NCOA1）. All of them were related to inflammation， and two of them were related to bile acid pathway. The 7 hub targets and 7 pathways played an important role in RA were screen out， including 4 bile acid related pathways and 3 inflammatory related pathways. Conclusion:UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS combined with TCMIP preliminarily elucidates the regulatory effect of multi-components in Dipsaci Radix on several pathways related to the inflammatory response and bile acid synthesis and metabolism， which lays a foundation for further study on the mechanism of Dipsaci Radix against RA.

Analysis of Japanese Assistive Devices Social Security Policy / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To sort out the assistive device social security policy of Japan. Methods:The assistive devices social security policy for the older adults and the disabled in Japan was summarized in term of four dimensions: who, what, how to deliver and how to fund. Results:Japanese assistive device social security policy covered most of disabled groups according to the legal protections, delivering a variety of assistive devices products and services. Meanwhile, it has tried to avoid over expenditure through ways of lump-sum control, unit price and quantity control, users self-pay and strict evaluation system. For the service delivery system, the evaluators were strictly neutral, while the providers were in market. The funding came from user-payments, public finance and insurances, etc. Conclusion:Japan has established a mature social security policy system and service system for assistive devices, which can be used as a reference for China.

Effects of traditional Wuqinxi on physical fitness and mental health of female college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#In order to promote health management of female college students, and to provide effective fitness training program for female college students to promote physical and mental health.@*Methods@#A total of 80 female college students from Bengbu College in 2018 were selected and were randomly divided into an experimental group and control group, with 40 students each. The experimental group received a 16 week traditional Wuqinxi intervention, and the control group maintained original sports exercises practice.@*Results@#The weight of the experimental group significantly decreased from (52.45±7.35)kg to (50.05± 6.89 )kg ( P <0.01); body mass index, waist circumference and other indicators also improved significantly. Step test scores of the experimental group significantly increased from (45.28±4.27) to (50.38±4.26) ( P <0.01); Vital capacity/body mass index, grip strength/body mass index, and sit up/body mass index were also significantly improved ( P <0.01). In the experimental group. Balance scores assessed through standing in one foot with eyes closed significantly increased from (28.84±9.42)s to (30.61±10.26)s ( P <0.01); Standing long jump test ( P <0.01) and 800 meter running test ( P <0.05) also showed significant improvement. Mental health problems of the experimental group showed a decreasing trend, six dimensional scores including interpersonal sensitivity and depression all showed significant decreases compared with before the experiment ( P <0.01). In the control group, except for 800 meter running test, there was no significant differences in all the indicators before and after the intervention ( P >0.05).@*Conclusion@#The traditional Wuqinxi shows a positive effect on physical fitness and mental health among female college students, and it is indeed a practical and effective training program for fitness improvement.

Research progress on tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen trifluoride as a substitute for hydrofluoric acid used for porcelain surface treatment / 口腔疾病防治

@#Hydrofluoric acid is a common surface treatment agent for glass ceramic restorations before bonding. However, the use of hydrofluoric acid has a high safety risk, so the search for hydrofluoric acid substitutes has been a research hotspot. Tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen trifluoride is a kind of fluoride, whose chemical activity is lower than that of hydrofluoric acid, so it’s safer, and the surface morphology changes on glass ceramics caused by it are smaller and more superficial. At present, the vast majority of laboratory studies and clinical case reports indicate that the mechanical strength and bonding strength of glass ceramics treated with tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen trifluoride can meet the clinical requirements. In the future, according to the research results, the performance of porcelain surface treatment agents containing tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen trifluoride can be further improved, and more hydrofluoric acid substitutes may be developed. In this review, the research progress of tetrabutylammonium dihydrogen trifluoride as a substitute for hydrofluoric acid is reviewed in terms of the influence of the surface morphology, mechanical strength, and bonding strength of glass ceramics.

Effects of auricular stimulation on functional constipation among female college students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the effects of auricular point stimulation on constipation among college students and to provide a reference for improving constipation among college students.@*Methods@#Between September 15 and September 30, 2019, the International Nursing College of Hainan Medical College Nursing School Survey, which included the constipation assessment scale (CAS), was conducted among 603 female college students. There were 90 cases of functional constipation, which were divided into a control group and an observation group of 45 cases each using the random number table method. The control group was given health education and behavioral guidance, such as a diet intervention, an exercise intervention, an emotional management intervention, and guidance on defecation habits, etc, via WeChat. The observation group received auricular stimulation intervention in addition to the control group measures. Before and two weeks after the intervention, the Wexner constipation and the Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life (PAC-QOL) scales were used to assess the effect of auricular stimulation on students with constipation.@*Results@#Before intervention, there was no significant difference in the Wexner constipation scores between the two groups (P>0.05). After the intervention, the Wexner constipation scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=8.38, 8.95, 11.96, 9.08, 6.45, 13.18, 11.93, 6.19, P<0.05). Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in PAC-QOL score between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the difference in the control group s PAC-QOL scores on all dimensions and total dimension score lower earlier, was statistically significant (t=5.29, 6.64, 10.28, 7.81, 9.60, P<0.01). The observation group s PAC-QOL scores after the intervention were lower compared to before the intervention (t=7.98, 11.81, 11.44, 6.93, 8.81, P<0.01), and the difference was statistically significant. All individual and total dimension scores of the observation group and the control group were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#Auricular stimulation of TCM can significantly improve the constipation score of college students and improve their quality of life.

Development of a new protocol for freeze-drying preservation of Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens and its protective effect on other marine bacteria

Background: Freeze-drying is known as one of the best methods to preserve bacterial strains. Protectant is the key factor affecting the survival rate of freeze-dried strains. In addition, salinity, bacterial suspension concentration, drying time, and other factors can also affect the survival rate of strains to varying degrees. At present, there are relatively few studies on freeze-drying preservation of marine bacteria. In the present study, we performed the freeze-drying protectant screening and optimized the preservation conditions for Pseudoalteromonas nigrifaciens, which is widely distributed in marine environment. The protective effects of the screened protectants were verified by 18 other marine bacterial strains. Results: The results indicated that the combination of 5.0% (w/v) lactose, 5.0% (w/v) mannitol, 5.0% (w/v) trehalose, 10.0% (w/v) skim milk powder, 0.5% (w/v) ascorbic acid and 0.5% (w/v) gelatin was the best choice for the preservation of P. nigrifaciens. The suggested salinity and concentration of initial cell suspension were 10 g/L NaCl and 1.0 × 109 CFU/mL, respectively. Furthermore, stationary-phase cells were the best choice for the freeze-drying process. The highest survival rate of P. nigrifaciens reached 52.8% when using 5­10% (w/v) skim milk as rehydration medium. Moreover, the other 18 marine strains belonging to Pseudoalteromonas, Vibrio, Photobacterium, Planomicrobium, Edwardsiella, Enterococcus, Bacillus, and Saccharomyces were freezedried under the abovementioned conditions. Their survival rates were 2.3­95.1%. Conclusion: Collectively, our results supported that the protectant mixture and parameters were beneficial for lyophilization of marine bacteria